What does the term "ST-elevation" indicate on an ECG?

The term "ST-elevation" on an ECG is a critical indicator of myocardial infarction, particularly ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which occurs when there is an acute obstruction of blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in damage. In this context, the ST segment represents the period between ventricular depolarization and repolarization, and an elevation in the ST segment signifies that a portion of the heart muscle is not receiving adequate blood supply.

This finding is significant in clinical practice as it prompts immediate medical intervention to restore blood flow and minimize heart tissue damage. Recognition of ST-elevation helps clinicians diagnose acute coronary syndrome and distinguishes it from other cardiac conditions that may present differently on an ECG.

In contrast, normal heart rhythm would not exhibit ST-elevations, as it reflects a healthy electrical conduction system without evidence of ischemia. Electrical stability of the heart pertains more to the heart's ability to maintain a consistent rhythm and may not necessarily correlate with the presence of ST-segment changes. Ventricular hypertrophy can show different ECG features, such as increased voltage or repolarization changes, but is not primarily characterized by ST-elevation. Thus, ST-elevation is a specific finding associated with acute myocardial ischemia.