Which laboratory test is used for the long-term assessment of glycemic control?

The HbA1c test, or glycated hemoglobin test, is the preferred method for the long-term assessment of glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. This test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is coated with sugar (glucose) over the previous two to three months. This duration is significant because it reflects the average blood glucose levels over a considerable period, allowing healthcare providers to assess how well a person's diabetes is being managed over time.

While fasting blood glucose is useful for assessing current blood sugar levels, it does not provide information on long-term control. Similarly, although the fructosamine test gives insight into blood glucose control over the preceding two to three weeks, it is not as widely utilized for long-term monitoring as HbA1c. The oral glucose tolerance test is primarily used to diagnose diabetes and evaluate how the body processes glucose. However, it does not serve as a long-term monitoring tool.

Given these distinctions, the HbA1c test stands out as the best option for long-term glycemic control assessment, providing valuable insights into how well diabetes management strategies are working over time.