Which of the following is a recognized risk factor for developing heart failure?

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a well-documented risk factor for the development of heart failure. When the heart is subjected to increased pressure over time, it can lead to structural changes such as left ventricular hypertrophy, which can impair the heart's ability to pump effectively. Additionally, prolonged high blood pressure contributes to other cardiovascular issues, including ischemic heart disease and arrhythmias, all of which can further increase the risk for heart failure.

In contrast, while low physical activity can contribute to other health issues, it does not directly cause heart failure. High HDL cholesterol is typically regarded as protective against heart disease rather than a risk factor for heart failure. Diabetes management is crucial in controlling blood sugar levels, but uncontrolled diabetes does pose a risk to heart health, making its management vital rather than being a direct risk factor by itself. Therefore, hypertension stands out clearly as a recognized risk factor in the context of developing heart failure.